AIM Lab · Interactive Mechanics

Torsion of a Circular Shaft

A circular shaft fixed at one end and twisted by a torque at the other. The surface lines are straight when unloaded — twist turns them into helices.

end rotation

φ = TL / GJ  ·  τmax = T(d/2) / J  ·  J = πd⁴ / 32

Analytical derivation (PDF)